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In order to efficiently install patches on multiple virtual server instances, what tool should a cloud systems administrator use?

  1. Use a security vulnerability scanning tool to apply the patch automatically.

  2. Use a patch management tool to automate and orchestrate the patch installation.

  3. Schedule the patch to install from a remote file server upon server reboot.

  4. Connect the server instances to the Internet to download the patch automatically.

The correct answer is: Use a patch management tool to automate and orchestrate the patch installation.

Using a patch management tool to automate and orchestrate the patch installation is the most efficient and effective approach for installing patches across multiple virtual server instances. Patch management tools are specifically designed to streamline the process of identifying, deploying, and managing patches and updates across a variety of systems. They facilitate scheduling, monitoring, and reporting on patch status, significantly reducing manual effort and the potential for human error. This solution also allows for more sophisticated features, such as compatibility checks to ensure that patches are suitable for the specific operating systems and applications running on the virtual servers. By automating the patching process, the cloud systems administrator can ensure that all systems are consistently updated with the latest security and functionality improvements, which enhances overall system security and stability. Meanwhile, while some other options appear viable, they lack the comprehensive capabilities of patch management tools. For example, using a security vulnerability scanning tool may identify vulnerabilities but does not provide the same level of automation in patch deployment. Scheduling patches from a remote file server may also be manual and potentially less organized than using a dedicated tool, which can lead to inconsistencies. Connecting server instances directly to the Internet for patches presents security risks and may not always be feasible in environments with strict security protocols or that require controlled patching processes.